縫(feng)紉(ren)就是把衣片縫(feng)合成服(fu)裝(zhuang)的工(gong)藝。可分為手縫(feng)工(gong)藝、機縫(feng)工(gong)藝、特殊工(gong)藝等。

　　手縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)(yong)手針(zhen)(zhen)進(jin)行縫制的(de)工(gong)藝。是(shi)中國的(de)傳統(tong)手工(gong)技藝。很多(duo)針(zhen)(zhen)法及其作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)尚不能用(yong)(yong)(yong)現代縫紉機替代。具(ju)有線跡精細(xi)、平整，針(zhen)(zhen)法豐富等(deng)特點(dian)，被(bei)譽為高檔工(gong)藝。　手縫工(gong)藝的(de)主要工(gong)具(ju)是(shi)手縫針(zhen)(zhen)和頂針(zhen)(zhen)箍。絲綢等(deng)纖維較細(xi)的(de)織(zhi)物宜(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)7～9號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen);鎖(suo)眼釘紐宜(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)4～5號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen)，一般(ban)毛(mao)料則用(yong)(yong)(yong)粗細(xi)適中的(de)6～8號(hao)針(zhen)(zhen)。

　　機縫工藝

　　采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)紉機進行(xing)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)制(zhi)的(de)(de)工藝(yi)。具有針跡整齊、工效(xiao)高等優點。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)機縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)工藝(yi)有以下(xia)(xia)幾種。①合縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(含兜縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng));將衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)組(zu)合縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)暗(an)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)組(zu)合或(huo)袋(dai)蓋、衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)領、袖(xiu)頭等三邊(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合的(de)(de)翻(fan)轉部(bu)件。②包縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：以一(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)包住(zhu)另(ling)一(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)邊(bian)(bian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)，再作第二或(huo)第三次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。有明(ming)包，暗(an)包之別。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)布服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)不鎖邊(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)。③咬(yao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：由上下(xia)(xia)層(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)咬(yao)住(zhu)中間一(yi)(yi)(yi)層(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，正(zheng)面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)袖(xiu)頭、腰頭等。④騎縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊織(zhi)物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(不疊(die)起)，在(zai)(zai)銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)處緝(ji)(ji)W狀線(xian)(xian)跡，使兩塊布互相(xiang)牽牢。一(yi)(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)高檔服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)襯布拼(pin)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)和收(shou)顙(sang)。⑤平接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊織(zhi)物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)拼(pin)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)，互為銜(xian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)補充(chong)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)長衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)部(bu)件等。⑥平疊(die)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊織(zhi)物(wu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)重疊(die)，居中縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)襯布拼(pin)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)和收(shou)顙(sang)等。⑦來去縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：將兩塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)疊(die)合，先沿毛口(kou)(kou)正(zheng)面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)狹縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(3cm)再在(zai)(zai)反(fan)面(mian)緝(ji)(ji)闊縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(約7cm)。多(duo)(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合。⑧分(fen)緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩層(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)疊(die)合縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)分(fen)開，兩邊(bian)(bian)各緝(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)(dao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)不易折轉的(de)(de)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)料(如皮革)或(huo)線(xian)(xian)跡裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾等。⑨坐緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)合，縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)傾倒(dao)，正(zheng)面(mian)作第二次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)作固(gu)定縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)或(huo)線(xian)(xian)跡裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)飾。⑩分(fen)坐緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：兩塊衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)先合緝(ji)(ji)，將緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)傾倒(dao)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)分(fen)開，在(zai)(zai)分(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)上緝(ji)(ji)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)(dao)明(ming)線(xian)(xian)。服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)加工中多(duo)(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)布服裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)前(qian)袖(xiu)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、褲襠縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)、后縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)等。壓(ya)緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(悶緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng))：上層(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)口(kou)(kou)折光，覆蓋下(xia)(xia)層(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)次縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)成型。多(duo)(duo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)后過肩(jian)或(huo)呈圓弧型、尖角型等部(bu)件的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)接(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)。漏(lou)(lou)落(luo)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)：明(ming)緝(ji)(ji)線(xian)(xian)漏(lou)(lou)落(luo)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)分(fen)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)槽(cao)內或(huo)緊挨坐縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)邊(bian)(bian)沿，既能使線(xian)(xian)跡暗(an)藏，又能固(gu)定下(xia)(xia)層(ceng)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)腰頭、里(li)襟等。卷(juan)邊(bian)(bian)：用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)卷(juan)邊(bian)(bian)壓(ya)腳(jiao)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)手指將衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)毛口(kou)(kou)卷(juan)光。常用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)單(dan)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)或(huo)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)里(li)的(de)(de)下(xia)(xia)口(kou)(kou)邊(bian)(bian)。倒(dao)回針：在(zai)(zai)原線(xian)(xian)跡上往返(fan)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)緝(ji)(ji)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)緝(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)的(de)(de)始末加固(gu)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)封口(kou)(kou)，叉封口(kou)(kou)，裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)帶(dai)襻等。

　　現(xian)代服(fu)裝加工(gong)的(de)(de)主要(yao)機(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)設(she)備，除高速平縫(feng)(feng)(feng)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)(ji)(簡(jian)(jian)稱(cheng)平縫(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji))外，還有(you)多針多線包縫(feng)(feng)(feng)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)(ji)(簡(jian)(jian)稱(cheng)包縫(feng)(feng)(feng)機(ji)(ji))以及(ji)取代手工(gong)的(de)(de)開(kai)袋、鎖眼、釘(ding)扣(kou)、扎駁、復襯(chen)(衣面與衣襯(chen)組合)、裝袖、裝褲腰、打褶(zhe)等各種(zhong)專用單機(ji)(ji)，并有(you)多功能(neng)自(zi)動(dong)調速固(gu)體電路電子縫(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)(ren)機(ji)(ji)問世。20世紀80年(nian)代，較先進(jin)的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)設(she)備是自(zi)動(dong)縫(feng)(feng)(feng)紉(ren)(ren)系統，采用工(gong)業(ye)攝像機(ji)(ji)和電子計算機(ji)(ji)監控，能(neng)自(zi)動(dong)識別裁(cai)片的(de)(de)樣式，傳送并進(jin)行自(zi)動(dong)分類(lei)控制。